Delivered as plenary at USENIX LISA 2013. video here : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZfNehCzGdw and https://www.usenix.org/conference/lisa13/technical-sessions/plenary/gregg . "How did we ever analyze performance before Flame Graphs ?" This new visualization invented by Brendan can help you quickly understand application and kernel performance, especially CPU usage, where stacks (call graphs) can be sampled and then visualized as an interactive flame graph. Flame Graphs are now used for a growing variety of targets : for applications and kernels on Linux, SmartOS, Mac OS X, and Windows ; for languages including C, C++, node.js, ruby, and Lua ; and in WebKit Web Inspector. This talk will explain them and provide use cases and new visualizations for other event types, including I/O, memory usage, and latency.